be to do 的用法详解

be to do 具有八种用法：表达坚决的命令、指示“计划”或“安排的事项”、表明“可能性”、体现“意图”、表示“应该”、传达“注定”“不可避免”“必然发生”的意义、在虚拟语气中表示一种假设,以及蕴含“期待将来”的含义。

1. 表达坚决的命令,意为“必须”。

(1) This naughty boy is to stay here until the class is over. 这个顽皮的男孩必须待到下课。

(2) No one is to enter this building without the permission of the security guard. 未经保安许可,任何人不得进入此楼。

2. 指示“计划”或“安排的事项”。

(1) Betty is to be married soon. 贝蒂即将步入婚姻殿堂。

(2) An insurance agent is to meet us this afternoon. 今天下午,我们将与一位保险代理人会面。

3. 表明“可能性”。

(1) Are you to pay the debt for your wife? 你会为你的妻子偿还债务吗？

(2) The lovely puppy is nowhere to be found. 那只可爱的小狗无影无踪。

4. 体现“意图”“决心”或“打算”。

(1) If you are to be there on time, you had better hurry. 若想准时到达,你最好加快速度。

(2) If all of us are to remain friendly, we must be sincere with one another. 若想保持友好关系,我们必须彼此真诚。

5. 表示“应该”。

(1) You have done so well. You are to be rewarded. 你表现出色,理应得到奖励。

(2) Such nasty questions are to be avoided. 你应避免提出如此恶劣的问题。

(3) You are to call the police. 你应该报警。

6. 传达“注定”“不可避免”“必然会发生”的意义。

(1) Anne was wondering what was to become of her boyfriend, Tommy. 安妮担忧她的男友汤米的未来。

(2) The murderer was sentenced to life imprisonment and was never to see his family again. 凶手被判终身监禁,永远不得与家人相见。

(3) She did not think too much of her unkind acts. However, they were to be harmful to herself, too. 她未深思自己不友善的行为,然而,这些行为终将对她自己不利。

(4) Tom wasn’t worried about his head injury, but it was to be troublesome for him later. 汤姆对头部的伤势毫不担忧,但这伤势日后必将给他带来麻烦。

(5) You are to answer for what you have done. 你必将为自己的行为负责。

7. 在虚拟语气中表示一种假设。

(1) If I were to do it, I would do it well. 若由我来做,我定能做好。

(2) Even if you were to take a taxi now, you would not be able to arrive at your destination on time. 即使你现在乘出租车,也无法准时到达目的地。

8. 蕴含“期待将来”的意思。

(1) The actual usefulness of the newly invented equipment is still to be determined. 这种新发明设备的实际效用尚待观察。

(2) Henry's appointment with the accountancy firm is yet to be confirmed. 亨利与会计事务所的约会尚待确认。